Biomimetic Airfoils in Wind Turbine Design: : Innovations in Noise Mitigation and Aeroacoustic Performance Inspired by Avian Morphology

Yassine  EL Qamch; Kenza Bouchaala; Ashraf Ali Omar; Wafae Lahmili

doi:10.51646/jsesd.v14i2.589

Authors

Yassine EL Qamch Department of Aerospace and Automotive engineering, International University of Rabat, Parc Technopolis Rabat, Rocade de Rabat-Salé 11100 – Sala Al Jadida – Morocco.
Kenza Bouchaala Department of Aerospace and Automotive engineering, International University of Rabat, Parc Technopolis Rabat, Rocade de Rabat-Salé 11100 – Sala Al Jadida – Morocco. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0337-1184
Ashraf Ali Omar Department of Aerospace and Automotive engineering, International University of Rabat, Parc Technopolis Rabat, Rocade de Rabat-Salé 11100 – Sala Al Jadida – Morocco. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3321-0728
Wafae Lahmili Department of Aerospace and Automotive engineering, International University of Rabat, Parc Technopolis Rabat, Rocade de Rabat-Salé 11100 – Sala Al Jadida – Morocco. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4704-7190

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51646/jsesd.v14i2.589

Keywords:

Biomimetic, Bioinspired airfoils, Wind turbine noise mitigation, Serrated airfoils, Aeroacoustics, CFD, Owl inspired design.

Abstract

Wind turbines are a cornerstone of sustainable energy systems, yet their widespread adoption is often hindered by the aerodynamic noise generated by their blades, impacting both human settlements and wildlife. This review explores the emerging role of biomimicry in wind turbine airfoil design, with a particular focus on avian-inspired adaptations for aeroacoustic optimization. Drawing inspiration from owls and other silent-flying birds, features such as serrated leading and trailing edges, porous coatings, and flexible surfaces are examined for their ability to disrupt vortex shedding and stabilize boundary layers, leading to significant reductions in both tonal and broadband noise. Experimental and numerical studies have demonstrated sound pressure level reductions of 2–10 dB, with certain optimized designs achieving even greater attenuation at specific frequencies. This paper critically reviews the aerodynamic mechanisms, computational modeling techniques, and fabrication strategies used to implement these biomimetic features, while addressing the performance trade-offs and structural challenges involved in full-scale turbine integration. By synthesizing current research and identifying future opportunities, including advanced materials and additive manufacturing. The review highlights how nature-inspired solutions can enable the next generation of quieter, more efficient, and ecologically harmonious wind energy systems.

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